Equitable development and dissemination of knowledge and data through partnerships Determine how to incorporate informal settlements in urban planning strategies

Explore incentives for municipal employees to innovate and take risks

Exploration of effective governance frameworks to facilitate city-led research and innovation, including creating space for learning-by-doing and learning-from-failure

Mainstream climate change action in city decision making, planning, and budgets

Governance landscapes to support greater generation of municipal revenue and which support marginalized groups

Evaluate balance between connected vs. distributed renewable energy systems based on access and reliability

Understand impacts of scope three emissions in urban mitigation planning and how this can be best incorporated into urban climate plans

Communication of uncertainty and risk of climate hazards for cities

Generate city scale data for development of specific observation, models, and scenarios

Reduce the gap in climate relevant data on vulnerable communities

Quantify emissions and energy savings potential for deep energy retrofits of all buildings within the municipality and incorporation of digital tools to support emission reduction and boost systems’ efficiency

Assess solutions to address the urgency of water-scarcity, pollution, and allocation in cities and their related ecosystems

Explore how urban plans can reduce vehicle miles travelled and support active/shared transit

Further understanding is needed on potential for urban agriculture in terms of climate change mitigation and local food security

Understand the mitigation and adaptation potential of city actions, including implications for social equity and justice

Assess solutions to address the urgency of water-scarcity, pollution and allocation in cities and their related ecosystems

Support community-based, entrepreneurial innovation in climate smart food systems

Generation of city scale data for development of specific observation, models, scenarios

Decreasing the gap in climate relevant data on vulnerable communities

Evaluate combinations of high-tech and low-tech innovation

Quantify emissions and energy savings potential for deep energy retrofits of all buildings within the municipality and incorporation of digital tools to reduce emissions and increase efficiency in systems

Explore how digital infrastructure can be built into transit systems to connect public and private transit technology

Assess planning policies and prioritise actions to help mitigate urban heat island effect

Mainstream climate change action planning into city decision making, integrating mitigation and, adaptation into comprehensive planning and budgeting processes

Understand impact of scope 3 emissions in urban mitigation planning and how this can be best incorporated into urban climate plans

Quantify potential and chart implementation pathways for blue/green infrastructure and nature-based solutions to reduce emissions, build adaptive capacity and resilience, provide co-benefits, and address issues of biodiversity

Identify a strategic approach to retrofitting city building stock based on building typology to reduce emissions

Develop policy to set new building standards and accelerate uptake of efficiency benchmarks

Quantify emissions and energy savings potential for deep energy retrofits of all buildings within the municipality and incorporation of digital tools to support emission reduction and boost systems’ efficiency

Further understanding is needed on potential for urban agriculture in terms of climate change mitigation and local food security

Increase focus on understanding the finance adaptation gap for cities, including short- and long-term financial needs for nature-based solutions

Evaluate benefits of diversion and recycling considering supply and demand

Better understand how sustainable consumption habits can be fostered

Explore potential for circular economy approach throughout city systems, and how these may differ in developed and developing cities

Communicate community benefits of controlled landfilling to build understanding and buy-in of waste collection systems

Collaboration and capacity building to develop bankable projects and increase creditworthiness to de-risk investment

Calculation and communication of economic and health effects of action vs. inaction

Increase focus on understanding the finance adaptation gap for cities, including short- and long-term financial needs for Nature-based Solutions

Increase understanding of potential for digital financing- including crowd sourcing, digital green bonds and others- to fund city-scale projects

Communication of uncertainty and risk of climate hazards for cities

Evaluate combinations of high-tech and low-tech innovation

Explore adaptation and resilience in cities through culture and history to better understand their impact on climate action today